Arrow

Category: File Formats

Category: File Formats

Definition

Apache Arrow is a language-agnostic columnar memory format designed for efficient data interchange and in-memory analytics in machine learning workflows.

How It Works

Arrow defines a standardized memory layout for columnar data that can be shared between processes without serialization. It uses zero-copy reads for maximum performance.

The format includes a rich type system supporting nested and complex data structures common in ML pipelines.

Why It Matters

Arrow eliminates the overhead of data conversion between tools, speeding up ML pipelines by 10-100x. It enables true interoperability between Python, R, Java, and other languages.

Modern ML tools like Pandas 2.0, Polars, and Ray use Arrow as their internal format.


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